Class 12Th Chemistry – Up Board Syllabus

Are you a student preparing for the Class 12th Chemistry exam under the UP Board syllabus? Look no further! In this blog article, we will delve into the detailed syllabus for 12th-grade chemistry as prescribed by the UP Board. From understanding the fundamentals of atoms and molecules to exploring the intricacies of organic and inorganic chemistry, this syllabus promises to equip you with a solid foundation in this fascinating subject. So let’s get started and unravel the mysteries of the UP Board syllabus of Class 12th Chemistry.

UP Board Syllabus of Class 12th Chemistry

Chemistry is a fascinating subject that plays a crucial role in our everyday lives. It helps us understand the composition, properties, and changes of matter, providing the foundation for various scientific advancements. If you are a student studying in the 12th grade under the UP Board, it is essential to have a thorough understanding of the syllabus for chemistry. This article aims to guide you through the UP Board syllabus of Class 12th Chemistry in detail, ensuring you are well-prepared for your examinations.

Overview of Class 12th Chemistry Syllabus

The Class 12th Chemistry syllabus of the UP Board covers various topics that build upon the concepts learned in previous grades, delving deeper into the subject. Here is an overview of the syllabus:

1. Solid State
2. Solutions
3. Electrochemistry
4. Chemical Kinetics
5. Surface Chemistry
6. General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements
7. p-Block Elements
8. d- and f-Block Elements
9. Coordination Compounds
10. Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
11. Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers
12. Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids
13. Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen
14. Biomolecules
15. Polymers
16. Chemistry in Everyday Life

Now, let’s dive deeper into each section to understand the key concepts and topics covered.

Solid State

The Solid State section introduces you to the properties of solids, their classification, and different types of crystal structures. Key concepts covered in this section include:

– Classification of Solids: Amorphous and crystalline solids, molecular, ionic, and metallic solids.
– Crystal Lattices and Unit Cells: Concepts of unit cells, types of unit cells (simple cubic, body-centered cubic, and face-centered cubic).
– Close Packing in Crystals: Hexagonal close packing (hcp) and cubic close packing (ccp).
– Imperfections in Solids: Point defects (vacancies, interstitials), line defects (dislocations).

Solutions

In this section, you will explore the properties and behavior of solutions, including concentration, colligative properties, and factors affecting solubility. The key topics covered are:

– Types of Solutions: Gaseous, liquid, and solid solutions.
– Concentration Units: Molarity, molality, percentage composition, and mole fraction.
– Colligative Properties: Relative lowering of vapor pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure.
– Ideal and Non-ideal Solutions: Raoult’s law and deviations from ideal behavior.
– Factors Affecting Solubility: Temperature, pressure, nature of solute and solvent.

Electrochemistry

This section focuses on the study of chemical reactions involving transfer of electrons. Topics covered include:

– Electrochemical Cells: Voltaic (galvanic) cells, electrolytic cells, and their differences.
– Electrolysis: Faraday’s laws of electrolysis, applications of electrolysis.
– Conductance in Electrolytic Solutions: Conductance of electrolytic solutions, specific conductance, molar conductance, and related concepts.
– Electrode Potential and Electrochemical Series: Standard electrode potential, Nernst equation, electrochemical series.

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Kinetics deals with the study of rates of chemical reactions and the factors affecting them. Key topics covered include:

– Rate of Reactions: Average and instantaneous rates, factors influencing the rate of reactions.
– Order and Molecularity: Order of reactions (zero, first, second), molecularity of reactions.
– Integrated Rate Equations: Zero-order, first-order, and second-order reactions.
– Activation Energy and Arrhenius Equation: Arrhenius equation, temperature dependence of rate constants.
– Factors Affecting Reaction Rates: Concentration, temperature, catalysts.

Surface Chemistry

This section focuses on the study of the phenomena that occur at the interface of two phases. Topics covered include:

– Adsorption: Types of adsorption (physical and chemical), adsorption isotherms (Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms).
– Catalysis: Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis, enzymes as catalysts.
– Colloids: Types of colloidal systems, preparation, properties, and applications of colloids.

General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements

This section deals with the principles and methods used for the isolation of various elements from their ores. Topics covered include:

– Occurrence of Metals: Modes of occurrence of metals in nature, minerals, ores, and gangue.
– Principles of Extraction of Metals: Concentration, reduction, and refining methods.
– Thermodynamics and Electrochemistry of Metallurgical Processes: Ellingham diagrams, electrochemical principles involved in metal extraction.

p-Block Elements

The p-Block Elements section covers the properties and trends exhibited by elements of groups 13 to 18. Key topics include:

– Group 13 Elements: Boron, aluminum, gallium, indium, thallium.
– Group 14 Elements: Carbon, silicon, germanium, tin, lead.
– Group 15 Elements: Nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth.
– Group 16 Elements: Oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium.
– Group 17 Elements: Halogens – fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine.
– Group 18 Elements: Noble gases – helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, radon.

d- and f-Block Elements

In this section, you will explore the properties and characteristics of transition metals and inner transition metals. Topics covered include:

– Transition Metals: Definition, electronic configuration, general properties, and trends.
– Inner Transition Elements: Lanthanoids and actinoids, their electronic configuration, and properties.

Coordination Compounds

Coordination compounds play a vital role in various chemical reactions and biological processes. Key topics covered in this section include:

– Werner’s Theory of Coordination Compounds: Coordination number, ligands, coordination sphere.
– Nomenclature and Isomerism: Naming coordination compounds, types of isomerism.
– Bonding in Coordination Compounds: Valence Bond Theory, Crystal Field Theory.
– Stability and Applications of Coordination Compounds: Factors influencing stability, biological importance, and industrial applications.

Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

This section focuses on the study of compounds containing halogen atoms bonded to sp3 hybridized carbon atoms and aromatic compounds containing halogen atoms. Topics covered include:

– Classification and Nomenclature: Classification based on the number of halogen atoms, common names, and IUPAC nomenclature.
– Preparation and Reactions: Methods of preparation of haloalkanes and haloarenes, substitution and elimination reactions.
– Polyhalogen Compounds: Dihalides, trihalides, and polyhalogenated hydrocarbons.

Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers

This section covers the properties, preparation methods, and reactions involved in alcohols, phenols, and ethers. Topics covered include:

– Classification and Nomenclature: Classification based on the presence of functional groups, IUPAC nomenclature.
– Preparation Methods: Methods for preparing alcohols, phenols, and ethers.
– Reactions: Reactions involving alcohols, phenols, and ethers, oxidation and dehydration reactions.

Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids

This section focuses on the properties, preparation methods, and reactions of aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids. Topics covered include:

– Nomenclature and Structure: IUPAC nomenclature, structure of functional groups.
– Preparation Methods: Methods for preparing aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids.
– Reactions: Reactions involving aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids, oxidation and reduction reactions.

Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen

This section covers the properties, preparation methods, and reactions of organic compounds containing nitrogen. Topics covered include:

– Classification and Nomenclature: Classification based on the presence of nitrogen atoms, IUPAC nomenclature.
– Amines: Primary, secondary, and tertiary amines, preparation methods, reactions involving amines.
– Cyanides and Isocyanides: Preparation methods and reactions.
– Diazonium Salts: Preparation, properties, and synthetic uses.

Biomolecules

This section focuses on the study of various biomolecules and their significance in biological systems. Key topics include:

– Carbohydrates: Classification, monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides.
– Proteins: Amino acids, peptide bond, primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure of proteins.
– Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA, structure and functions.
– Enzymes: Classification, enzyme action, factors influencing enzyme activity.

Polymers

This section covers the study of polymers, their classification, and synthesis methods. Topics covered include:

– Classification: Addition and condensation polymers, copolymers, biodegradable polymers.
– Polymerization: Addition and condensation polymerization, mechanism.
– Polymers of Commercial Importance: Uses and applications of polymers.

Chemistry in Everyday Life

The Chemistry in Everyday Life section explores the applications of chemistry in various aspects of our daily lives. Topics covered include:

– Drugs and Medicines: Classification of drugs, therapeutic action, drug-target interaction.
– Chemicals in Food: Food preservatives, artificial sweeteners, antioxidants.
– Cleansing Agents: Soaps, detergents, cleansing action.
– Materials for Construction: Cement, glass, ceramics, polymers.

With a comprehensive understanding of the UP Board syllabus of Class 12th Chemistry, you can effectively plan your studies and focus on each topic accordingly. Ensure that you allocate sufficient time for each section and practice solving previous years’ question papers and sample papers to enhance your understanding and boost your exam performance. Remember, consistent effort and regular revision are the keys to success in your chemistry examinations. Best of luck!

Up Board Class 12th का नया Syllabus 🔥 जारी || Class 12 Chemistry UP Board 2023-2024 New Syllabus ☑

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the UP Board syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry?

The UP Board syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry covers various topics including solid-state, solutions, electrochemistry, chemical kinetics, surface chemistry, general principles and processes of isolation of elements, p-block elements, d and f-block elements, coordination compounds, haloalkanes and haloarenes, alcohols, phenols, and ethers, aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids, organic compounds containing nitrogen, biomolecules, polymers, chemistry in everyday life, and environmental chemistry.

What are the important topics in Class 12 Chemistry according to the UP Board syllabus?

According to the UP Board syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry, some important topics include solid-state, solutions, electrochemistry, chemical kinetics, surface chemistry, general principles and processes of isolation of elements, p-block elements, d and f-block elements, coordination compounds, haloalkanes and haloarenes, alcohols, phenols, and ethers, aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids, organic compounds containing nitrogen, biomolecules, polymers, chemistry in everyday life, and environmental chemistry.

How can I prepare for the UP Board Class 12 Chemistry exam?

To prepare for the UP Board Class 12 Chemistry exam, you can follow these steps:

1. Start by understanding the syllabus and exam pattern.
2. Make a study schedule and allocate separate time for each topic.
3. Refer to the recommended textbooks for Class 12 Chemistry.
4. Take notes while studying and revise them regularly.
5. Practice numerical problems and equations to strengthen your understanding of concepts.
6. Solve previous years’ question papers and sample papers to get familiar with the exam pattern.
7. Seek help from your teachers or classmates if you have any doubts.
8. Stay consistent and dedicated in your preparation.

Are there any practical experiments included in the UP Board Class 12 Chemistry syllabus?

Yes, the UP Board Class 12 Chemistry syllabus includes practical experiments. The practical examination is conducted separately and requires students to perform experiments based on the prescribed syllabus. The practicals aim to develop practical skills, laboratory techniques, and enhance the understanding of theoretical concepts.

Is the UP Board Class 12 Chemistry syllabus aligned with the NCERT syllabus?

Yes, the UP Board Class 12 Chemistry syllabus is aligned with the NCERT syllabus. The UP Board follows the NCERT textbooks as the primary reference for academic subjects, including Chemistry. Therefore, the topics covered in the UP Board syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry are similar to the NCERT syllabus.

Final Thoughts

The UP Board syllabus of class 12th Chemistry offers a comprehensive understanding of various chemical concepts and their applications. It covers topics such as organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, and physical chemistry, providing students with a strong foundation in the subject. The syllabus is designed to enhance critical thinking and problem-solving skills, enabling students to excel in exams and future endeavors in the field of chemistry. With a focus on practical knowledge and real-world applications, the UP Board syllabus of class 12th Chemistry equips students with the necessary skills to pursue higher education or career opportunities in chemistry-related fields.